Bunions, also know as hallux valgus, are one of the more common foot problems that affect seniors.  Some believe that years of wearing heels or other ill-fitting shoes result in the condition.  Although this viewpoint holds merit, it does not tell the entire story.  While certain shoe types undoubtedly exacerbate the problem, thus the reason more women suffer from the condition than men, bunions often occur because of a deformity located in the structure of the foot.  At the same time, a genetic component could be attached (e.g., bunions can run in families).  To a lesser extent, bunions may develop because of an injury to the foot.  Bunions tend to become worse with time, but modification of footwear to a roomier, more cushioned shoe allows for greater comfort and may arrest progression.

How are bunions presented?  The joint at the big toe becomes enlarged, misaligned, and/or swollen.  The big toe may also shift toward the second toe; this makes the foot seem wider, and certain shoes could become increasingly difficult to wear.  Pain may or may not accompany bunions.  When soreness is present, it occurs as intermittent to steady burning, tenderness and/or aching.

Bunions are classified into three categories: mild, moderate, and severe.  Let’s briefly look at each.

• Mild.  Mild bunions appear as a slight bump at the big toe joint; discomfort, if present, is generally minimal.  Bunions in this category are addressed conservatively.  Orthotics and/or shoe modification, including footwear with strong support, are frequently the treatment of choice.
• Moderate.  Moderate bunions usually have a more significant bump at the big toe joint, and the larger toe may shift conspicuously toward the smaller ones.  When considerable pain accompanies the situation, surgical measures are commonly explored.
• Severe.  Severe bunions appear quite large, and the foot looks noticeably misaligned: pain can be a major concern.  Bunions of this type normally warrant surgery.  It is important to mention there are different surgical methods to correct the condition,

Some people continually suffer with bunions, but there is no reason to limit what you do when help is available.  Why stay indoors if you really want to be out having fun?

What should you do if you have this condition?  Make an appointment with a podiatrist or orthopedic physician.  He/she will assess the situation and suggest a treatment right for you.  If surgery is recommended, it is wise to seek the advice of two to three different surgeons to help ensure the best approach for your type of bunion.

We will wrap up our feet trilogy next time with some useful tips to help ward off foot problems.  In the meantime, it seems the stock market will keep us on our toes!

Everyone is blessed with gifts, but naturally, not all people have the same ones to offer.  Some individuals have cheery personalities that naturally brighten the lives of those around them.  They are good listeners, trusted confidants, and insightful advice-givers.

Other individuals don’t possess those particularly gifts but have different varieties to offer.  They might be savvy business types who voluntarily share their expertise and knowledge to help people not as intuitive in the field.

Myra Kraft, a Worcester native, had multiple gifts, and she used them to better our world.  With unquestionable drive, she devoted many hours and resources to the causes she held dear; sadly, she passed this past week.  Because this amazing individual positively influenced the lives of so many people, let’s look more closely at her beautiful life.

Myra Kraft was born in Worcester, MA, on December 27, 1942.  She was the daughter of Worcester residents Jacob and Frances Hiatt.  Her family demonstrated a philanthropic spirit early on, so a give-back mentality was fostered at a young age.

Mrs. Kraft graduated from Brandeis University in 1964.  She married Robert Kraft, now-owner of the New England Patriots, and they raised a lovely family.

With an eagerness to make a difference, Myra Kraft undoubtedly achieved her objectives.  She formerly served on the board of directors for the Boys and Girls Club of Boston, the Boston Foundation, the United Way of Massachusetts Bay, and a few others.  She was president and director of the New England Patriots Charitable Foundation; the organization assists needy children and their families.

Mrs. Kraft not only held board positions in her charitable pursuits, but she also manned phones and made fundraising calls.  She worked in the metaphorical trenches to improve lives.  She was passionate in her endeavors, and her integrity and generosity never ceased to amaze those around her.  She held a special affection for her Jewish heritage and supported a number of Jewish causes.  Even so, that did not stop her from supporting Catholic Charities and other faith-based organizations that help people in need.

What was Mrs. Kraft like on a personal level?  No one knows for certain but her family and friends.  Still, from many accounts, it seems she was strong yet kind, determined yet unassuming.  She shunned the spotlight, but her laudable deeds brought her notice, anyway.  She was a woman of means, but she strove to use her gifts to help provide meaning to her own life and the lives of others.

Our world is full of lessons, and we are always learning, no matter what our age.   What can we learn from this remarkable Worcester native?  All of us are capable of making a difference in some way.  Certainly, our talents and resources may not be the same, but we can give back: whether it is a kind word to lift someone’s day, a volunteer position at an animal shelter walking dogs, writing a check to improve educational supplies, or donating food to a soup kitchen.

Yes, we all have gifts, and we can use them: Myra Kraft’s life is a wonderful example of that.

The Sun is a fiery star positioned in the center of our Solar System.  Earth, at least from a life-sustaining standpoint, could not survive without it.  As we know, this sphere-shaped mass gives off light and heat and is a major source of Earth’s energy (in short, it’s hot!).  It is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium and possesses magnetically active fields.

The Earth takes 365 days to rotate around the Sun, but that does not mean the Sun is stationary.  It also rotates, although the time it takes for rotation at its equator and poles are not the same.  To get an idea of its size, it is over 100 times wider than the Earth.  Still, from a star size perspective, it is probably in the average range.

What does this all mean to you?  Well, the Sun deserves a great deal of respect, but it can also be damaging.  Here are some thoughts to consider when you are exposed to its rays.

• Limit Sun Exposure. Limiting sun exposure is important for everyone, but seniors should take special care because their skin has more years of contact (e.g., mature skin may have a greater degree of sun damage).  Unfortunately, as we become older, our skin thins, and protection because even more vital.  Even so, a certain measure of exposure is positive because we get most of a needed vitamin from the sun: vitamin D.  Some seniors are deficient in vitamin D, so it is important to regularly have your levels checked.  Having said all of that, excessive sun can lead to negative skin changes, like abnormal cell formation.  In this case, too much of a good thing is not good.

• Wear protective clothing. There are times you can’t avoid being in the sun for longer periods.  Perhaps you have plans to participate in a walking tour or will be spending a few hours at a beach, park, lake, baseball field, or other outdoor setting.  When this is the situation, protective clothing is a great way to guard against the sun’s potentially harmful rays.  Long pants, a long shirt or top, and a wide-rim hat are great choices to consider.  If the air is very warm, it is best to choose lightweight, light-colored, cotton clothing (it breathes better and is cooler).

• Put on sunscreen. Sunscreen has been mentioned before, but it is worth mentioning again.  If you are only popping your head, hands, and other exposed parts of your body outdoors for brief periods, then sunscreen may not be necessary.  However, if you will be in the sun for protracted periods, even if it is cloudy but the sun is peeking through, then it makes sense to apply sunscreen.  What type?  Be sure to choose an SPF of 15 or above: also pick a product that protects against both UVA (long-wave) and UVB (shortwave) rays.

The Sun is a magnificent star, and without it, we wouldn’t be here.  If we exercise a little caution, we can safely revel in its brilliance.

What is WOO?  It’s a unique card established in 2007.  Originally it was designed for college students, but in 2009, the public WOO card was born.  Discounts and other incentives are made available to cardholders at assorted cultural, theatrical, retail, recreational, lodging, service, and dining venues.

How much do WOO Cards cost?  Well, it depends on the type.  College WOO cards are free to Greater Worcester college students, while general public WOO cards can be bought over the Internet or at certain locations like The Hanover Theater for the Performing Arts Box Office and Worcester City Clerk’s Office at City Hall for a one-time charge of $20.

Other things to know about WOO?  Well, after a card is purchased or received, it must be registered.  Once registration takes place, holders receive ongoing information about various WOO specials.  For example, in addition to periodic discounts and other promotions, WOO members accumulate points each time they swipe their cards at participating locations and events.  The points allow for eligibility in monthly drawings and other prizes.  Naturally, many incentives and/or savings are independent to the respective business and subject to change, so be sure to check.

Which businesses honor the WOO Card?  Many.  Here are some examples.

• Worcester Museum
• Old Sturbridge Village
• Seven Hills Symphony
• Tower Hill Botanic Garden
• Ristornante Via Alto 27
• Viva Bene
• Flying Rhino Café–(free appetizer with the purchase of two meals).
• Worcester Airport Limo (15% off)
• Central Rock Climbing Gym ($5 off day pass)
• ARTSWorcester (double points at galleries)
• Old Sturbridge Village (general public cards save 25% off admission price and college cards save 50%!).
• Seven Hills Symphony (double points).
• Bocado
• Garden Inn of Worcester (10% off).
• The Courtyard Marriott Worcester (free upgrade when available).

The above are merely a few of the 50-ish WOO Card establishments participating in this exciting program.  For additional details, go to www.culture@worcestermass.org.

The Greater Worcester Area is brimming with cultural, recreational, service, and dining opportunities.  The WOO card just makes these possibilities that much more appealing!

Thomas Jefferson was born in Virginia in 1743.  His father was well-to-do, so the future president was afforded an excellent education.  Like Adams, Jefferson had an acute intellect and unquenchable thirst for learning.  He graduated from William and Mary College in 1762 and became a lawyer in 1767.  His remarkable writing skills and sharp legal mind continues to impress.

Jefferson married his wife, Martha, in 1772; the couple went on to have six children.  Sadly, Martha died ten years into the marriage while giving birth.  Only two of Jefferson’s children with Martha lived long enough to see adulthood.  It is believed that he had other children with one of his slaves, Sally Hemings.

Jefferson’s contribution to freedom from British rule is monumental.  In fact, he is the individual who wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence. Interestingly, Jefferson did not appear to be a fervent supporter of slavery, and in his earlier years, he even believed the practice should not expand into new territories.  Still, his ownership of slaves, and negation to set the people free even upon his death, continues to perplex many minds.

Jefferson served as a delegate in the First and Second Continental Congress.  He was appointed Secretary of State by President Washington but later left the position.  Jefferson and the Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton, were at odds with one another concerning foreign policy.  At the same time, they differed on the degree of strength the federal government should possess.  Hamilton, like Adams, was a Federalist; these men favored a stronger central power.  Jefferson was a Democrat-Republican who supported limited government.  It is believed that Jefferson thought President Washington was more inclined to Hamilton’s view, so he resigned.

Jefferson served as vice president under John Adams.  Although both men had been friends earlier on, they came to disagree about pivotal issues and grew apart.  Jefferson ran against Adams in the next election and won; subsequently, he became the third president of the United States.  An epic purchase he made during his administration was the Louisiana territory.   In 1803, he bought the area from France for $15,000,000.

Jefferson served two presidential terms and then left political life.  He lived out his remaining days in the lavish home his slaves built called Monticello (Monticello means small mountain).  During Jefferson’s older years, he accrued a great deal of debt.

Adams and Jefferson rekindled their friendship later on in life.  The reunification, though only my mail, brought much joy to both men.  And the quirk of fate that some of us might have forgotten?  Both men died on July 4, 1826.

Adams and Jefferson were joined in life by a unified cause, and that cause was freedom.  At the same time, they were united in death by the celebration of independence.  The fact that both Founding Fathers died exactly 50 years following the approval of the Declaration of Independence is extraordinary.  We can only imagine the mystical forces at hand that made this remarkable event possible.

We celebrate the Fourth of July with fireworks, parades, cookouts, and other types of revelry.  Many people are off from work, and a discernible joy can be felt in the air.  But who made this day possible?

There are many individuals responsible for Independence Day.  Two people we will observe are John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. These men gave of their time, intellect, and talents for the birth of a nation.  Because of their remarkable contributions, they will forever be etched in the American landscape.

First let’s look at John Adams.
John Adams was an intellectually curious man born in what is now Quincy, Massachusetts.  His manner was no-nonsense, and he was sometimes regarded as blunt.  He graduated from Harvard in 1755.  Adams actually has ties to Worcester, as he held a teaching position in the city following graduation.  He became restless and began studying law with the successful Worcester attorney, John Putnam.  Adams was admitted to the bar in 1758 and went on to involve himself in politics.  His sense of disenchantment with British rule intensified as time continued.

Adams married Abigail Smith in 1764, and the couple had six children; sadly, one son was stillborn, and another son, John Quincy Adams, would one day become the sixth president of the United States.  Like her husband, Abigail possessed a penchant for learning, and she was an enormous influence in his life.  Adams regarded his wife as a type of mentor and confidant.

Adam’s political ambitions resulted in much time away from his family.  Abigail was left to care for the family farm duties and parental responsibilities mostly on her own.  Even so, she was acutely perceptive and seemed to understand the significant strides her husband was making.  She accepted his call to duty with dignified grace.

Adams was a delegate for the First and Second Continental Congress and instrumental in the creation of the Declaration of Independence, although Thomas Jefferson wrote the first draft.  As we know, the document states that the thirteen colonies, once subject to British Empire authority, were now independent states.  There are conflicting views as to whether or not the Declaration was actually signed on July 4, 1776.  Nonetheless, July 4, 1776, is the date the Continental Congress sanctioned its contents.

Adams was elected vice-president for two terms under George Washington.  In 1796, he became the second president of the United States; he beat out Thomas Jefferson by only a slim margin.  At that time, the two candidates possessing the most votes would become president and vice president respectively.

John Adams and Thomas Jefferson grew at odds with one another over various issues.  For example, Adams was a Federalist who favored a strong government, and Jefferson was more supportive of states’ rights.  Adams served only one term as president; Jefferson beat him the second term to become the third president of the United States.  Still, Adams forever left his mark in the founding of a nation.

Next time we will look more closely at Thomas Jefferson.  Interestingly, he and Adams came to reunite their friendship in their older years.  Until then, though, Happy Fourth of July!

Grandparents sometimes watch their grandchildren at different intervals during the summer.  These times are often memorable for everyone involved.  Because the warmer weather brings with it outdoor enjoyment, it is important to keep safety in mind.  Here are some precautions to consider if children will be visiting.

• Pool. It is imperative that an adult swimmer be present at the pool at all times, this includes kiddie pools.  For example, you can’t assume a neighbor will be outside continually if he or she invites your grandchild over for a swim (therefore, be sure to ask).  It also makes sense to put floaties or a life jacket on a smaller child, even if he/she is proficient in the deep end.  Children can sometimes underestimate the dangers of pools.  Sadly, accidents happen under all sets of circumstances.

• Lake or Ocean. Almost everyone loves an outing at the beach.  However, if you go, it is important to find an area with a lifeguard on duty; mishaps decrease when lifeguards are present.  At the same time, go in the water with your grandchild; this way you will be available in case you are needed.  The ocean especially can be dangerous because of the waves and currents.  Even adults may become destabilized by the water’s force or stray from the blanket and maintain difficulty finding the way back.

• Sunscreen. Apply sunscreen (SPF) 15 and over at all times of the day, but especially between the hours of 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.  It is also important to reapply the product at least every two hours to safeguard against burns.  FDA sunscreen guidelines will be changing as of June 2012.  The new mandates specify only products SPF 15 or higher with protection against both UVA and UVB rays can be labeled Broad Spectrum.  Claims that state sunscreens are sweat proof, waterproof, immediately effective, and long-lasting beyond two hours will no longer be allowed.  NOTE:  It also makes sense to have your grandchildren wear sunglasses for eye protection.

• Heat. Warmer temperatures can be deceiving because some people tolerate the heat quite well and others do not.  Subsequently, one individual can sit on the beach in 95 degree weather for an extended period and be completely fine while another person can sit in 95 degree weather for an extended period and be close to losing consciousness.  Therefore, it is best to have access to a shaded area (perhaps keep an umbrella on hand?).  In addition, be sure to have cool water regularly accessible.  Sitting in a hot car is especially dangerous for both humans and animals independent of heat sensitivity because the sun’s rays act as passive solar.  Subsequently, the temperature in a hot car can be 20-plus degrees hotter than the outside temperature.  Bottom line?  Always err on the side of caution when it comes to the heat.

The summer season is meant to be enjoyed, especially when grandchildren are visiting.  A few safety measures can help ensure a pleasurable time for everyone.

The entertainment extravaganza enjoyed in 2009 and 2010 will again take place this summer in the Out to Lunch series held on the Worcester Common from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. for ten consecutive Fridays beginning on July 1.  Artisans happily display their wares, fresh produce will be available in the farmers’ market, delectable food prepared by area restaurants undoubtedly serve to satiate the palate, and live music wraps up the entire experience into a more than pleasing package.

So, who’s performing?  Here’s the scheduled list.

1. Heavy Horses—July 1.  Like rock & roll?  Then you’re sure to love Heavy Horses.  This band epitomizes archetypal rock like The Nutcracker embodies ballet.
2. Grupo Fantasia—July 8.  Caribbean music whisks us to sunny skies, perfect weather, sandy beaches, and sheer bliss: take heart, Grupo Fantasia will do the same.  Latin America, here we come!
3. The Diamond Connection—July 15.  Okay, hopefully love is not on the rocks (Love on the Rocks), you and Shilo will always feel young (Shilo), Magdalene is still a lady (Lady Magdalene), and Caroline will remain sweet forever (Sweet Caroline).  Tunes such as these live on, and The Diamond Connection brings them to you live
4. Decades by DeZyne—July 22.  Imagine being wowed by a collection of artists who have worked in partnership with legendary greats like Chuck Berry and Bon Jovi? Then check out Decades by DeZyne; they’ll leave you mesmerized.
5. Dale LePage and the Bobby Gadoury Trio—July 29.  Entertainment?  These artists personify the word.  You’ll be serenaded with dreamy classics like “Cry Me a River” and “My Funny Valentine.”
6. Sun Parade—August 5.  Talk about a youthful performer going places: Chris Jennings is a must-see act!
7. Dell Smart and Exit/In—August 12.  Naturally, we must visit the islands at least twice during the summer.  This band transports the senses to blue/green oceans and a tropical paradise.
8. Bees Knees—August 19.  Who likes a little bit of this and a little bit of that?  Then you’re sure to love Bees Knees.  American music never sounded so good.
9. Reprobates Blues Band—August 26.  Do you want to hear that funky music?  Then don’t miss this phenomenal group.  Gosh, the blues can melt even the hardest of hearts.
10. Drunken Uncles—Sept 2.  Love guitar?  The captivating tunes of these two musicians will enthrall even beyond the show.

Worcester is brimming with remarkable energy, fine food, and diverse culture, and the Out to Lunch summer series on the Worcester Common serves to reinforce the city’s commitment to the arts.

Hmm, lunch anyone?

Father’s Day is in less than two weeks, but finding the right gift is not always easy.  Perhaps your dad says he already has everything he needs, or maybe his needs have changed and are no longer easy to define.  Whatever the situation, gifts abound for senior dads.  Here are some suggestions that might be helpful.

• Sports clothing or accessories.  Assorted senior dads revel in staying active.  Maybe your father is involved in a bowling league, ongoing tennis matches, golf group, or other sports-related activity.  If so, clothing and/or accessories to complement his passion may be fitting.  Some ideas?  Golf shirts, golf balls, tennis attire, bowling glove: actually, the options are many.
• Larger print books or games. Your dad enjoys stimulating his mind but has the “over 50” eyesight thing going on (i.e., his ability to see close-up is becoming compromised)?  Thankfully, there are assorted gifts that offset this type of problem.  For instance, there are larger print paperbacks, playing cards, electronic games, activity books, and other brain-oriented activities.  The online store www.seniorstore.com is a great place to check out some interesting ideas.
• Car Cleaning. Dad is a neat freak and loves a meticulous car?   Then consider a voucher for a series of cleanings.  Car washes are hardly inexpensive anymore; even the low-cost options hover around $10.  But you have a little more money to spend?  Then maybe a car detailing certificate.  Not only will the outside look spotless, but the inside will be clean (and all the tires and trim will be beautified!).
• Memorabilia. Your father tends to be nostalgic?  Possibly a model car, encased newspaper article, movie, book, advertisement, framed photo of Ted Williams, or any other past period item you think might bring warmth to his heart will be enjoyed.  There are even pamphlets highlighting momentous events that occurred during his birth year.  Reminiscing frequently transports us to times we felt most secure.  They bring back fond memories, familiar smells, happy thoughts, and other pleasantries that provided the framework for the individuals we have become.

Fathers arm their children with invaluable skills.  Naturally, they are human, so they usually make a mistake or two along the way.  Nonetheless, when we become parents, we often recognize the many sacrifices that took place for our welfare.

So, with that thought in mind, Happy Father’s Day!

It’s safe to assume the warmer weather will be with us for a while. With this much-anticipated time come unwelcome pests that seek to siphon our blood (well, at least a little bit of it). Despite the itch and annoyance that accompany the bites, there are more daunting reasons to avoid these nibbles.

An example? Blood-seeking insects sometimes carry diseases that can be transmitted to humans. Here are two pests to especially avoid.

• Mosquitos. Mosquitos can carry a number of potentially serious illnesses. In New England, West Nile fever encephalitis has become a concern and efforts are underway in some cities and towns to address the issue. Most people bitten by infected mosquitos will not become ill. Nonetheless, individuals older than 60 and those with compromised immune systems are at greater risk. West Nile symptoms include fever, stiff neck, headache, and coma. Eastern Equine Encephalitis has also been found in some New England mosquitos, albeit in much fewer numbers. Some people bitten by EEE carriers will show no indications of the illness, but others become very sick. Early signs include brain swelling, chills, fever, and vomiting. Ways to protect against mosquito bites? Clear away any standing water from around your home, and limit your time outdoors when mosquitos are most active (e.g., dusk and nighttime). Moreover, wear long sleeves/pants and spray insect repellent on clothing, exposed skin, and hair when you are out at night (there are all-natural sprays available). Finally, do not leave windows or doors open, as mosquitos will have a perfect entryway into your home.

• Ticks. Ticks are a concern because they can carry Lyme disease and co-infections like Babesia, and Bartonella. Unfortunately, Lyme disease is fast- growing in the Northeast and increasing in other regions, as well. When Lyme is caught in the early stages, the chance for a full recovery is very good. Even so, the disease sometimes goes undetected because symptoms can mimic other illnesses. At the same time, testing methods are not always accurate, and this can also delay treatment. Lyme symptoms are varied and often determined by the system or systems the bacteria are invading (pulmonary, cardiac, brain). For example, some people experience a racing pulse upon minimal exertion and others do not. A circular rash at the bite site is often the first indication of the illness. However, not everyone with Lyme gets this rash or even knows about the bite. Other signs include diffuse rashes, rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing, extreme fatigue, joint pain (e.g. knees, fingers, toes), neck ache or stiffness, brain fog (adding simple numbers can be difficult), nerve twitching, eye changes, vertigo, Bells Palsy, and more. Some ways to stay away from tick bites? Protect your skin when you are outdoors by wearing long pants/ tops, socks (tuck them over your pants,) and insect repellent (even spray your animals!). Also, avoid grassy or brush areas, accumulated leaves, wooded regions, and other places where ticks like to hang out in large numbers (sadly, some may even be sunbathing on your lawn). A final thought? Perform body inspections when you come inside (even do this with your animals).
Naturally, the summer is meant to be enjoyed, so no one should be afraid to revel in the warmth. Still, there are precautionary measures all of us can take to minimize our exposure to illnesses we simply do not want. A few sensible steps can help everyone stay safer.